Natural Disaster. The power spectral density of a stationary time series is defined as the Fourier transform of its auto-correlation function. The power spectral density integrated over the whole frequency range is equal to the mean square of the time series. Hence the name “spectral density”. There is a factor of 2 difference depending on whether the frequency range is taken from 0 to ∞ or -∞ to +∞. See Chapter 4 in this Manual and Aki and Richards (2002 or 2009, p. 610-611)