A practical unit of radioactivity equal to the megabecquerel (MBq). This means 1 rutherford represents 1 million radioactive disintegrations per second. The unit is named for the New Zealand nuclear physicist Ernest Rutherford, later named Lord Rutherford (1871-1937), whose study of radioactivity led to the discovery in 1911 that most of the mass of an atom is concentrated in a tiny nucleus