Safety measures include actions to prevent incidents and arrangements put in place to mitigate the consequences of incidents if they were to occur.  Incidents  includes initiating events, accident precursors, near misses, accidents and unauthorized acts (including malicious and non-malicious acts). Security measures include measures for the prevention and detection of, and response to, the theft of nuclear material or radioactive material (with or without knowledge of the nature of the material), sabotage and other malicious acts, illicit trafficking and unauthorized transfer. Safety measures and security measures have in common the aim of protecting human life and health and the environment. The IAEA safety standards concern the security of facilities and activities to the extent that they apply to measures that contribute to both safety and security, such as: (1) Appropriate provisions in the design and construction of nuclear installations and other facilities; (2) Controls on access to nuclear installations and other facilities to prevent the loss of, and the unauthorized removal, possession, transfer and use of, radioactive material; (3) Arrangements for mitigating the consequences of accidents and failures, which also facilitate measures for dealing with breaches in security that give rise to radiation risks; and (4) Measures for the security of the management of radioactive sources and radioactive material. Safety measures and security measures must be designed and implemented in an integrated manner so that security measures do not compromise safety and safety measures do not compromise security. Security of nuclear material for reasons relating to non-proliferation is outside the scope of the IAEA safety standards