Tsunami Warning System in The Pacific (TWSP)
Tsunami Warning System in The Pacific (TWSP) : Tsunami warning systems in the Pacific can be classified by two related factors: (1) the type of tsunami they are prepared to warn against - from local to distant, and (2) the area of responsibility (AOR) they warn for each type of tsunami - sub-national, national, regional, or international. The Pacific-wide system operated by PTWC provides an international warning about onehalf to one hour after the occurrence of the earthquake, and is effective for communities located at least several hundred kilometers from the source region. Regional systems, such as those operated by the USA, Japan, the Russian Federation, France, and Chile, provide primarily domestic warnings within about 10-15 minutes of the earthquake and are effective for communities located at least a hundred kilometers from the source region. Local systems operated by Japan, Chile and United States of America are capable of providing a warning in about 5 minutes or less to give some measure of protection to communities located within a hundred kilometers of the source. Just as important as issuing warnings, are issuing rapid cancellations to warnings when no significant waves are found to exist, and informational messages for large but not potentially tsunamigenic earthquakes. Centers that operate the tsunami warning systems include: the Pacific Tsunami Warning Center at Ewa Beach, Hawaii, USA; the West Coast / Alaska Tsunami Warning Center at Palmer, Alaska, USA; the Russian Federation tsunami warning centers at Petropavlovsk-Kamchatskiy, Kurilskiye, and Sakhalinsk; the Japanese tsunami warning centers at Sapporo, Sendai, Tokyo, Osaka, Fukuoka, and Naha; the French Polynesia Tsunami Warning Center at Papeete, Tahiti, and the National Tsunami Warning System of Chile headquartered at Valparaiso. Certain other Member States have also recently established or improved their seismic and/or water level instrumentation and analysis capabilities as the basis for national tsunami warning systems
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