Bessemer
Bessemer : Also called the Pneumatic process. A steelmaking process invented by H. Bessemer in Sheffield, England, in 1855 while experimenting with the manufacture of gun barrels. He noticed that a draught of air decarbonized iron bars that were lying on the rim of his furnace. Commercialized by associates of Bessemer in Sheffield in 1858 and soon widely adopted. Molten pig iron is contained in a Bessemer converter, which is a pear-shaped vessel with a double bottom, lined with silica, and capable of being tilted on a horizontal axis. Compressed air is blown through the base of the converter, oxidizing most of the dissolved carbon
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