In January 2006, a two-day demonstration held at the San Francisco International Airport (SFO) laid out the response and restoration protocols that would be undertaken if a biological attack occurred. This demonstration was the culmination of the three-year, $10 million DHS Bio Restoration Demonstration Project. In this project, researchers from Lawrence Livermore and Sandia national laboratories developed restoration plans that integrated technologies and procedures so that airports hit by a biological terrorist attack could be quickly decontaminated and reopened. As part of this effort, scientists developed a test for determining within a few hours the viability of the biological agent (e.g., anthrax spores). (LLNL, Global Threats and Security, 2006, p. 19) Included in the airport restoration templates are: protocols for characterizing an area through sampling and analysis after an attack; decontamination options; approaches for allowing public re-use of facilities and the possible application of longer-term monitoring. (Sandia National Laboratories, Bio-Restoration Demonstration, 2006)