Calamity 3 : "A massive or extreme catastrophic disaster that extends over time and space". Notes the Black Death of the 14th century as an example. (Drabek 1996, Session 2, p.4)
Hazards, Disasters and US Emergency Management: An Introduction, Appendix: Select Emergency Management-Related Terms and Definitions, Note: This Select Emergency Management-Related Terms and Definitions document has been compiled for use in the FEMA Emergency Management Higher Education Project working draft course Hazards, Disasters and US Emergency Management: An Introduction. This is not a comprehensive or exhaustive treatment of emergency management terms and definitions. Suggestions for additions are welcome and can be provided to Dr. Blanchard for consideration via email at: wayne.blanchard@dhs.gov. Date of Last Modification: July 28, USA 2006. https://www.training.fema.gov/hiedu/docs/hazdem/ap pendix%20-%20select%20em-related%20terms%20and%20d efinitions.doc, (Dzstr, Rsk, Vul, Haz, etc. - Amer) {12}