Catastrophe 18
Catastrophe 18 : "In a catastrophe compared to a disaster: (1) Most or all of the community built structure is heavily impacted. In addition, in catastrophes, the facilities and operational bases of most emergency organizations are themselves usually hit. While in a major disaster some such facilities may be directly impacted, the great majority typically survive with little or no damage. . (2) Local officials are unable to undertake their usual work role, and this often extends into the recovery period. One overall consequence is that because local personnel are casualties and/or usual community resources are not available, many leadership roles may have to be taken by outsiders to the community. (3) Help from nearby communities cannot be provided. In short, catastrophes tend to affect multiple communities, and often have a regional character. In a disaster there is usually only one major target for the convergence after a disaster. In a catastrophe many nearby communities not only cannot contribute to the inflow, but they themselves can become competing sources for an eventual unequal inflow of goods, personnel, supplies and communication. (4) Most, if not all, of the everyday community functions are sharply and concurrently interrupted. Even in major disasters, there is no such massive-across the board disruption of community life even if particular neighborhoods may be devastated . (5) The mass media system especially in recent times socially constructs catastrophes even more than they do disasters. (6) Finally, because of the previous five processes, the political arena becomes even more important". (Quarantelli, 2005)
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