Biological Warfare Defense. The Federal Civil Defense Administratin, the Department of Health, Education, and Welfare, and the Department of Agriculture in the summer of 1953 entered into an agreement to implement a system for improving the reporting of diseases of man, animals, and cropss, to make a joint evaluation of the unusual occurrence, in number or in kind, of diseases of man, animals, and crops, and to make a joint decision as to biological warfare implications. A civil defense technical manual TM-11-10, Civil Defense Against Biological Warfare, was prepared and distributed. This manual contains an appraisal of the biological warfare hazards and details a program of defense for man, animal, and crops. This is the first technical manual on biological warfare published by FCDA. Stockpiles of wide-spectrum antibiotic, biologic, and chemotherapeutic drugs have been increased to provide treatment for biological warfare casualties. Progress has been made with the collaboration of the Sectional Research Program of the National Institute of Microbiology in developing a nationwide system to provide for laboratory identification of biological warfare agents and for the rapid diagnosi of disease. Some of the supplies and equipment needed for training health laboratory technicians in this field have been made available through the Federal contributions program. Close liaison has been maintained with the Department of Defense; Department of Health, Education, and Welfare; Department of Agriculture; Central Intelligence Agency; and other Federal agencies in problems related to biological warfare defense. (FCDA, 1953 Annual Report, pp. 135-136)