"The goal of the National Protection and Programs Directorate is to advance the Department's risk-reduction mission. Reducing risk requires an integrated approach that encompasses both physical and virtual threats and their associated human elements.... The components of the National Protection and Programs Directorate include: Office of Cybersecurity and Communications (CS&C: CS&C has the mission of assuring the security, resiliency, and reliability of the nation's cyber and communications infrastructure. Office of Infrastructure Protection (OIP): OIP leads the coordinated national effort to reduce risk to our critical infrastructures and key resources (CI/KR) posed by acts of terrorism. In doing so, the Department increases the nation's level of preparedness and the ability to respond and quickly recover in the event of an attack, natural disaster, or other emergency. Office of Intergovernmental Programs (IGP): IGP has the mission of promoting an integrated national approach to homeland security by ensuring, coordinating, and advancing federal interaction with state, local, tribal, and territorial governments. Office of Risk Management and Analysis (RMA): RMA serves as the Department's Executive Agent for national risk management and analysis. US-VISIT uses innovative biometrics-based technological solutions--digital fingerprints and photographs--to provide decision-makers with accurate information when and where they need.. (DHS, National Protection and Programs Directorate, January 25, 2008)