Electro-Magnetic Pulse (EMP) 1
Electro-Magnetic Pulse (EMP) 1 : "EMP damage from a nuclear detonation may cause national disruptions in the information and communications infrastructures. EMP will be widespread, possibly across entire continental areas if nuclear detonation occurs at high altitudes, generally several tens to hundreds of miles above the ground. Nuclear detonations at any height will generate EMP, but the intensity and duration of the pulse and the affected area will vary with the height of detonation. It is expected that at a minimum, local disruptions in information and communications infrastructures will result from EMP. Nuclear detonations may also affect radio transmissions for some hours after the burst. It is important to understand that commercial electromagnetic interference standards are not designed to protect against EMP attacks. During such an event, there could be widespread disruption of electronics. All electronics may not be affected; however, because in order to do so, they would need to be connected to some larger "antenna". For example, a turned-off computer without any cables or wires attached to it would likely avoid damage from an EMP, since the physical size of the computer may be small enough that it may not collect enough energy to be affected. But when it is plugged in, and/or when othercables are attached, it becomes part of a much larger network of wires, which form an antenna. Additionally, national concern triggered by the incident will demand immediate, accurate information flow both to the public and for emergency managers and leaders at all levels of government to manage the response effectively and efficiently". (JCS, CBRNE CM, 2006, I-9)
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