History: Part of a series on Wildland Firefighting. Firestorm • Peat fire • Wildfire • Wildfire suppression: Tactics & Equipment: Aerial firefighting • Controlled burn • Driptorch • Fire fighting foam • Fire lookout tower • Fire retardant • Fire trail • Fire-retardant gel • Firebreak • Helicopter bucket • Pulaski. Personnel: Engine crew • Handcrew • Helitack • Hotshots • Smokejumper • Rappeller. By country: Australia Lists List of wildfires. Glossary of wildfire terms This box: view talk. The ICS concept was originally developed in 1968 at a Phoenix AZ meeting of Fire Chiefs. Originally the program was established to follow the management structure of the US Navy and it was mainly for fire fighting of wildfires in California and Arizona. During the 1970s, ICS was fully developed during massive wildfire suppression efforts in California and following a series of catastrophic wildfires in California's urban interface. Property damage ran into the millions, and many people died or were injured. Studies determined that response problems often related to communication and management deficiencies rather than lack of resources or failure of tactics. ICS fell under California's Standardized Emergency Management System or SEMS. ICS became a national model for command structures at a fire, crime scene or major incident. The ICS System was used in New York at the first terrorist attempt on the twin towers in the 1990s. In 2003, SEMS went national with the passage of Homeland Security Presidential Directive 5 (HSPD5) mandating all federal, state, and local agencies use NIMS or the National Incident Management System to manage emergencies in order to receive federal funding