Landslides BGS 06
Landslides BGS 06 : Scientific detail: Monitoring and measurement. The BGS National Landslide Database is the most extensive source of information on landslides in Great Britain. Selected information from the database is available as a free online resource as part of BGS' online GIS - the GeoIndex. The database currently holds over 15 000 records which are continually being updated. New records are added as landslide information is made available. These data come from a variety of sources including published BGS geological maps and active surveys. Other sources include commissioned and research studies, information from the public and a number of regional databases inherited or compiled by BGS since the 1970s, including the Department of the Environment (DoE) National Landslide Database constructed in the 1990s. Each landslide is documented as fully as possible with information on location, name, size and dimensions, landslide type, trigger, damage caused, movement date, age and with a full bibliographic reference. The database is linked to a GIS which displays the landslides as point data. The way in which landslides have been mapped by BGS over the centuries has evolved and improved considerably. Many of the maps display the landslide deposit and no other information; many early maps do not make reference to 'landslips' at all. With modern landslide mapping techniques, landslides are now being mapped and documented in areas previously unknown e.g. the North York Moors. Terrestrial Light Detection and Ranging (LiDAR) is a technique used by a land-based laser scanner which, combined with a highly accurate differential GPS, enables BGS to produce 3D computer models of landslides. Using several scans made at different times, we can accurately calculate volume change and can ascertain far more information about how the cliff or landslide is changing than is possible from traditional levelling or photographic techniques. A landslide observatory has been established by BGS at Hollin Hill, North Yorkshire, which incorporates several technologies including terrestrial and aerial LiDAR and geophysics. The observatory has a weather station, instrumented boreholes, movement guages and geophysical data is sent back to the office telemetrically
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