Chapter II - Domestic CBRN CM (2) Roles, Responsibilities, Authorities, and Assets: (D) DOD Roles and Responsibilities: (14) RC Forces: NG and reserve forces are known collectively as RC forces. RC forces consist of the Army National Guard (ARNG), Air National Guard (ANG), United States Air Force Reserve (USAFR), United States Army Reserve (USAR), United States Navy Reserve (USNR), United States Marine Corps Reserve (USMCR), and United States Coast Guard Reserve (USCGR). Guidelines for utilization of RC forces can be found in Title 10, USC, and Title 32, USC. Guidelines for utilization of NG forces under state active duty will be found in their respective state codes. The Chief, National Guard Bureau (CNGB) facilitates and resources ANG and ARNG forces and assets through the states adjutants general to conduct CBRN response operations to assist federal, state, local, and tribal authorities in responding to a domestic CBRN incident. When directed by SecDef, the CNGB supports transition of state active duty or Title 32, USC, NG forces to federalized Title 10, USC, status for DSCA in coordination with individual states, and the ANG and ARNG. (a) National Guard: The NG primarily operates under two chains of command, state or federal. However, NG forces may be operationally employed under three different legal statuses: Title 10, USC (federalized and federally funded); Title 32, USC (non-federalized and federally funded); and state active duty (non-federalized and state funded). NG forces, unless federalized, operate under the C2 of the governor and the adjutant general (TAG) in state active duty and Title 32, USC, status. (1) Under certain circumstances, a governor may request that the USG pay for the costs associated with a state call up of the NG for emergency response. When SecDef approves, NG forces change from state active duty status to Title 32, USC status. Even though the NG forces are on active duty and funded by the USG, in Title 32, USC status, the governor retains command of the NG. Although the distinction between funding lines is important to the respective state and federal treasuries, tactical employment of forces remains the same. For the JFC, the important distinction is that NG units in Title 32, USC, status remain under state control; and, as a result, have authority for some missions that Title 10, USC, units do not. Because forces in Title 32, USC, status remain under the command of the governor, NG units may conduct law enforcement missions and are not subject to the restriction of the Posse Comitatus Act (PCA). (2) Additionally, the NG of one state can assist other states responding to a disaster through formal agreements, such as the emergency management assistance compact (EMAC). Typically, this occurs in state active duty (non-federalized and state funded). When requested by the supported state's governor and authorized by the supporting state's governor under a separate memorandum of agreement (MOA), NG elements deploy to the supported state. The supporting NG forces operate under operational command of the supported state's TAG as granted by the supporting state's governor. Typically, deployments under a state-to-state MOA are limited to a specific period, such as 30 days. (b) NG Capabilities and Contribution: National Guard coordination centers (NGCCs), NG JFHQs-State, joint task forces-state (JTFs-State), WMD-CSTs, CERFPs, HRFs, Joint Continental United States Communications Support Environment (JCCSE), and Joint Interagency Training Capability form the keystone of NG CBRN response capabilities. (1) NG Coordination Center: The NGCC provides mutual, shared situational awareness among the NG JFHQs-State, NGB, and USNORTHCOM during a CBRN incident or other major or catastrophic incidents. The NGCC synchronizes alert notification and deployment of designated WMD-CSTs, CERFPs, and HRFs and synchronizes notification of deployment of other NG capabilities when requested by a state or agency. The JCCSE enables the NGCC to maintain situational awareness and share information with NG commanders at all levels throughout the 50 states and four territories. Additionally, it provides a deployable, interoperable communications capability to the JTFState commander. (2) NG Joint Force Headquarters-State: The NG JFHQ-State provides the governor C2 capability for all NG forces in their state or territory, or in the case of the District of Columbia, the C2 of the District of Columbia NG has been delegated to the Secretary of the Army by SecDef and therefore the Joint Force Headquarters-District of Columbia currently operates on behalf of the Secretary of the Army. During a CBRN or bulk HE incident, the NG JFHQ-State assumes control of additional WMD-CSTs and CERFPs deployed into the supported state and provides JRSOI and logistical support. (3) Joint Task Force-State: The JTF-State controls all subordinate state NG assets deployed in support of a CBRN or bulk HE incident. The JTF-State commander works closely with the incident commander to verify that NG resources are effectively, safely, and legally employed. (4) Weapons of Mass Destruction- Civil Support Teams: WMD-CSTs are NG units designed to support civil authorities at a domestic CBRNE incident site by identifying CBRNE agents/substances, assessing current and projected consequences, advising on response measures, and assisting with requests for additional support. The WMD-CST mission is accomplished primarily in a Title 32, USC, operational status within the US and its territories, as established by Title 10, USC, Section 12310. (5) Chemical, Biological, Radiological, Nuclear, and High-Yield Explosive Enhanced Response Force Package: CERFPs are designed and trained to provide search, extraction, medical triage, emergency medical treatment, decontamination of casualties, and recovery of remains during CBRN and non-CBRN incidents, as well as advice and assistance to the incident commander, state emergency management, the NG JFHQ-State, TAG, the governor, other key officials, and representatives of federal agencies. (6) NG Homeland Response Force: The HRF is part of the support to improve DOD's CBRN response capability through reorganization of CBRN response forces. Designed to be employed primarily with forces in state active duty or Title 32, USC, status, the HRF leverages the current WMD-CSTs and CERFPs force structure and capabilities through augmentation by force packages that include a brigade level C2 element and a battalion sized CBRN response security element in each of the 10 FEMA regions. Designated NG JFHQs-State establish HRFs and maintain current NG HRFs with essential CBRN response capabilities. (7) Reserve Forces: The RC forces are structured and operated to mirror their respective AC counterparts. Unlike the ANG and ARNG, the USAR, USNR, USAFR, USMCR, and USCGR C2 relationships remain intact in both peacetime and wartime. These RC forces do not have state-specific relationships. When called to active duty, RC forces conduct CS missions under Title 10, USC, guidelines exactly as AC forces; USCGR is recalled pursuant to Title 14, USC. While on federal active duty, members of the ARNG of the United States, ANG of the United States, USAR, USNR, USAFR, USMCR, and USCGR are subject to the provisions of the Uniform Code of Military Justice. RC forces are called to active duty through the mobilization and demobilization processes