A CBRNE event involves a potential, perceived, or actual act with chemical, biological, radiological, nuclear, or explosive materials that are, or are suspected to be, used in a deliberate or intentional way to cause harm. These acts are considered criminal acts and are often acts of terrorism, as defined by the Criminal Code of Canada and the Security Offences Act. CBRNE events have additional dimensions that will complicate all aspects of emergency management. They are intended to maximize fear and disruption and may have elements designed to direct harm at first responders and first receivers, which in the case of specialists may have significant consequences on the capability to deal with the event itself. Further, deliberate acts will require the event scenes, which may be large and dispersed, to be managed as potential crime scenes, which creates specialized challenges in already complicated situations. In most instances, in the absence of clear evidence to suggest an intentional event, the response to a CBRNE event commences as a HazMat response. HazMat is a core capability that is required to respond to a CBRNE event, along with other capabilities (such as investigation and tactical Emergency Medical Services)