To be prepared against natural and man-made disasters, American must know what to expect and what to do. To these ends the Federal Civil Defense Administration devoted a major share of its efforts and funds to the development of an alert, informed, and trained citizenry. The distinctive feature of the civil defense effort is that, if civil defense is to work, the preparedness must have worked its way down to individuals and groups of individuals. Survival is still to a large extent a matter of individual behavior during the period of crisis and danger even when warning, directin and a certain amount of defense and protection are provided. The effective execution of the best plans and the efficient use of the most ample resources can be materially reduced if the populace, at large, does not carry out the most adaptive behavior possible during the time of disaster. Civil defense thur trequires a program of information, guidance, education, and training that results in motivation, insight, confidence, and skill on the part of the public in carryiing out its assigned task. (FCDA, 1954 Annual Report, p. 75). See also: Family-Action Program, and Public Education