Emissions of Greenhouse Gases (GHG)
Emissions of Greenhouse Gases (GHG) : In addition to CACs, GHG emissions are also under scrutiny due to their accumulation in the atmosphere and contribution to global warming. The GHG constituents produced by the combustion of diesel fuel are listed below: (a) CO2 (Carbon Dioxide): this gas is by far the largest by-product of combustion emitted from engines and is the principal 'greenhouse gas' which, due to its accumulation in the atmosphere, is considered to be the main contributor to global warming. It has a Global Warming Potential of 1.0. CO2 and water vapour are normal byproducts of the combustion of fossil fuels. The only way to reduce CO2 emissions is to reduce the consumption of fossil fuels. (b) CH4 (Methane): this is a colourless, odourless and inflammable gas that is a bi-product of incomplete diesel combustion. Relative to CO2, it has a Global Warming Potential of 21. (c) N2O (Nitrous Oxide): this is a colourless gas produced during combustion that has a Global Warming Potential of 310 (relative to CO (2). The sum of the constituent greenhouse gases expressed in terms of their equivalents to the Global Warming Potential of CO2 is depicted as CO2 equivalent. This is calculated by multiplying the volume of fuel consumed by the Emission Factor of each constituent then, in turn, multiplying the product by the respective Global Warming Potential, and then summing them. See page xi for conversion values pertaining to diesel fuel combustion. ix LEM 2008
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