Engineering Controls 16
Engineering Controls 16 : These may take the form of: (1) Elimination: Eliminate the hazard by contracting out a particularly hazardous operation, or by not doing a hazardous job unless it really needs to be done. For example, lead and/or chromate exposure can be avoided by prohibiting mechanical paint removal for "cosmetic" purposes, or removing only enough paint to allow re-coating, rather than removing to bare metal. (2) Substitution: Substitute a less hazardous work process, equipment or material. Examples of process substitutions are: brush paint instead of spray paint to reduce inhalation exposure to paint solvents and pigments, do hand sanding instead of mechanical sanding to eliminate noise exposure and reduce exposure to particulates. An example of equipment substitution would be to use an electric forklift instead of a diesel forklift in a warehouse to eliminate potential exposure to carbon monoxide. Examples of material substitution are: use less toxic 1,1,1 trichloroethane instead of carbon tetrachloride for solvent degreasing, use lead and chromate free paints to reduce exposures during spray painting and later paint removal. Care must be exercised in any substitution to ensure that the substitute materials are technically acceptable and to avoid introducing a new or unforeseen hazard. (3) Isolation: Provide a barrier between the hazardous process and the worker who could be affected. This isolation can be in the form of physical barriers, time separation, or distance. Examples include, glove bags or boxes, acoustical containment, semi-automatic equipment that does not require constant attendance (time separation), remote-controlled equipment, or re-locating hazard generating equipment in unmanned areas. (4) Ventilation: Control of a potentially hazardous airborne substance by ventilation can be accomplished by either diluting the concentration of an airborne hazard by mixing with uncontaminated air, or by removing an airborne hazard at it's source, before it reaches the worker's breathing zone. The second method, local exhaust ventilation, is the preferred Enclosure (7) 2 method, and is generally more efficient and economical. General, or dilution, should only be used to control exposure to heat stress or low toxicity contaminants
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