Enterprise Risk Management (ERM) 1
Enterprise Risk Management (ERM) 1 : "The underlying premise of enterprise risk management is that every entity exists to provide value for its stakeholders. All entities face uncertainty, and the challenge for management is to determine how much uncertainty to accept as it strives to grow stakeholder value. Uncertainty presents both risk and opportunity, with the potential to erode or enhance value. Enterprise risk management enables management to effectively deal with uncertainty and associated risk and opportunity, enhancing the capacity to build value. Value is maximized when management sets strategy and objectives to strike an optimal balance between growth and return goals and related risks, and efficiently and effectively deploys resources in pursuit of the entity's objectives. Enterprise risk management encompasses: (1) Aligning risk appetite and strategy - Management considers the entity's risk appetite in evaluating strategic alternatives, setting related objectives, and developing mechanisms to manage related risks. (2) Enhancing risk response decisions - Enterprise risk management provides the rigor to identify and select among alternative risk responses - risk avoidance, reduction, sharing, and acceptance. (3) Reducing operational surprises and losses - Entities gain enhanced capability to identify potential events and establish responses, reducing surprises and associated costs or losses. (4) Identifying and managing multiple and cross-enterprise risks - Every enterprise faces a myriad of risks affecting different parts of the organization, and enterprise risk management facilitates effective response to the interrelated impacts, and integrated responses to multiple risks.4 (5) Seizing opportunities - By considering a full range of potential events, management is positioned to identify and proactively realize opportunities. (6) Improving deployment of capital - Obtaining robust risk information allows management to effectively assess overall capital needs and enhance capital allocation. "These capabilities inherent in enterprise risk management help management achieve the entity's performance and profitability targets and prevent loss of resources. Enterprise risk management helps ensure effective reporting and compliance with laws and regulations, and helps avoid damage to the entity's reputation and associated consequences. In sum, enterprise risk management helps an entity get to where it wants to go and avoid pitfalls and surprises along the way". (American Institute of Certified Public Accountants: Enterprise Risk Management - Integrated Framework: Executive Summary, 2004, p. 1)
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