Explosive Eruption - 3 Types
Explosive Eruption - 3 Types : Eruptions can be explosive or effusive, depending on the physical properties of the magma. An Explosive eruption involves the rapid expansion of gas causing the surrounding rock or magma to fragment explosively. There are 3 types of explosive eruptions: Magmatic eruptions: Explosive magmatic eruptions occur when dissolved gases in a rising magma expand to form gas bubbles which then burst as the magma nears the Earth's surface, leading to explosive fragmentation of the magma. The bigger fragments are ejected (ballistically) like cannonballs while the smaller fragments are transported vertically at great velocities into the atmosphere to form a vertical eruption column. Under certain circumstances eruption columns can collapse, resulting in the formation of energetic pyroclastic flows and surges as well as associated ash fall. Pyroclastic flows and surges resulting from column collapse are very dangerous as they are not always confined to valleys and may travel radially down all flanks of the volcano, burying and destroying everything in their path. On the lower flanks of the volcano they may become confined to valleys. Several magmatic explosions have occurred during the ongoing eruption of the Soufri?re Hills in Montserrat, and this is the type of eruption that produced the Choiseul and Belfond pumice deposits
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