External, Internal, and Absorbed Doses
External, Internal, and Absorbed Doses : A person can receive an external dose by standing near a gamma or high-energy beta-emitting source. A person can receive an internal dose by ingesting or inhaling radioactive material. The external exposure stops when the person leaves the area of the source. The internal exposure continues until the radioactive material is flushed from the body by natural processes or decays. A person who has ingested a radioactive material receives an internal dose to several different organs. The absorbed dose to each organ is different, and the sensitivity of each organ to radiation is different. FGR-11 assigns a different weighting factor to each organ. To determine a person's risk for cancer, multiply each organ's dose by its weighting factor, and add the results; the sum is the effective dose equivalent ("effective" because it is not really the dose to the whole body, but a sum of the relative risks to each organ; and "equivalent" because it is presented in rem or sieverts instead of rads or gray)
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