Facilities and Activities
Facilities and Activities : A general term encompassing nuclear facilities, uses of all sources of ionizing radiation, all radioactive waste management activities, transport of radioactive material and any other practice or circumstances in which people may be exposed to radiation from naturally occurring or artificial sources. Facilities Includes: nuclear facilities; irradiation installations; some mining and raw material processing facilities such as uranium mines; radioactive waste management facilities; and any other places where radioactive materials are produced, processed, used, handled, stored or disposed of - or where radiation generators are installed - on such a scale that consideration of protection and safety is required. Activities includes: the production, use, import and export of radiation sources for industrial, research and medical purposes; the use of radioisotopes in space objects; the transport of radioactive material; the decommissioning of facilities; radioactive waste management activities such as the discharge of effluents; and some aspects of the remediation of sites affected by residues from past. This term is intended to provide an alternative to the terminology of sources and practices (or intervention) to refer to general categories of situations. For example, a practice may involve many different facilities and/or activities, whereas the general definition (1) of source is too broad in some cases: a facility or activity might constitute a source, or might involve the use of many sources, depending upon the interpretation used. The term facilities and activities is very general, and includes those for which little or no regulatory control may be necessary or achievable: the more specific terms authorized facility and authorized activity should be used to distinguish those facilities and activities for which any form of authorization has been given. In the Fundamental Safety Principles (Safety Fundamentals) (2006) (see para. 1.9), the term 'facilities and activities - existing and new - utilized for peaceful purposes' is abbreviated for convenience to 'facilities and activities' as a general term encompassing any human activity that may cause people to be exposed to radiation risks arising from naturally occurring or artificial sources. 'Facilities' includes: nuclear facilities; irradiation installations; some mining and raw material processing facilities such as uranium mines; radioactive waste management facilities; and any other places where radioactive materials are produced, processed, used, handled, stored or disposed of - or where radiation generators are installed - on such a scale that consideration of protection and safety is required. 'Activities' includes: the production, use, import and export of radiation sources for industrial, research and medical purposes; the transport of radioactive material; the decommissioning of facilities; radioactive waste management activities such as the discharge of effluents; and some aspects of the remediation of sites affected by residues from past activities[DD103]. Facility: See: Facilities And Activities. A small number of 'catch-all' terms - namely: facilities and activities; [mining and milling]; protection and safety; and structures, systems and components - are defined in the Safety Glossary. These terms may be used in exactly the form listed to describe a whole group of things without cumbersome repetition, or slight variations of the terms may be used to refer to particular sub-groups. Although the definitions include an indication of the meanings of the separate elements of the terms, these are not intended to be applied rigidly: if precise reference is needed to particular items covered by the catch-all term, more precise terms should be used
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