Federated Planning
Federated Planning : "Federated Planning. The Federal framework of the United States assigns, by law, unique responsibilities and authorities to each member of the homeland security community. It also imposes, by law and practice, a requirement to share responsibilities and authorities to provide for common defense and security. The planning doctrine that best accounts for the separate and shared security responsibilities of Federal, State, municipal and Tribal authorities can be labeled "federated planning". (1) Federated planning is a 'multi-direction' doctrine - it flows bottom-up, top down, left-right, and right-left. It recognizes that planning begins with strategic direction from senior executives at each level of government. This strategic direction is converted to concept plans (CONPLANS), which are, in turn, converted to operations plans (OPLANS). This planning process takes place throughout the planning community, with planners at each level interacting with each other and often with planners at other levels to acquire and integrate support. (2) Government leaders at every level generate strategic goals and requirements that must be converted to executable action plans. The majority of strategic requirements are determined and levied by local leaders. Local officials deploy and employ the majority of homeland security assets to prevent, protect against, respond to, and recover from major disaster, terrorist attacks, and other emergencies. (3) Municipal leaders make strategic assessments and formulate the strategic guidance necessary to acquire, train, maintain, and employ the assets and personnel needed to protect lives and property. The scope of their strategic planning and decision-making varies widely, depending on the size and location of their municipality. (4) Like their municipal counterparts, State leaders have unique, legally mandated responsibilities to provide security within their jurisdictional boundaries. Much of their responsibility is reinforcing local officials with resources and authorities not available to them in normal circumstances. State officials strategically plan to acquire, position, and allocate: funding, State police forces, State militia, National Guard elements, communications, hospitals, and other critical elements. They also identify requirements and opportunities to make security related compacts with other jurisdictions. In addition to supporting municipalities, State leaders conduct the strategic, operational, and tactical planning necessary to secure State owned properties, installations, and other infrastructure. (5) Federal officials perform a role similar to State officials but on a larger, broader scale. Like their State and regional counterparts, they reinforce local officials, private enterprise, and nongovernmental organizations with funding, training, equipment, authorities, and security forces. They establish the national level structures needed to ensure that the Nation's security elements operate in a coherent, mutually reinforcing manner. Federal authorities have primary responsibility for organizing and synchronizing the national effort. They accomplish this by guiding national investments in preparedness, facilitating standardized planning processes, and facilitating the robust training and exercise programs required to ensure national integrated preparedness. (6) Many Federal officials have 'localized' responsibility for securing Federal properties, installations, and assets under their control. In executing this responsibility, Federal authorities often require significant community support, including that provided by State and municipal officials, private entities, and other Federal agencies. In planning to secure specific sites and assets, Federal authorities mirror the actions of municipal leaders; they determine what must be done, identify the resources required (including authorities and permissions), and coordinate with other levels of government and the private sector to obtain them". (FEMA, (Interim) Integrated Planning System (IPS) for Homeland Security (Draft Version 2.3), July 3, 2008 copy, p. 2-2 & 2-3)
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