Nuclear Energy and Nuclear Disasters. A measure of the strength of a radiation field. Commonly used without qualification to mean particle fluence. Energy Fluence,Ψ: A measure of the energy density of a radiation field, defined as: Ψ = dR da where dR is the radiation energy incident on a sphere of cross-sectional area da. The energy fluence rate is d Ψ denoted by a lower case Ψ . dt See: ICRP Publication 51