Absorption 07
Absorption 07 : (a) The process of taking in, as when a sponge takes up water. Chemicals can be absorbed through the skin into the bloodstream and then transported to other organs. Chemicals can also be absorbed into the bloodstream after breathing or swallowing. [ATSDR, 1999: Online Glossary][New York Department of Health, 1999: Glossary of Environmental Health Terms]; (b) The penetration of a substance through a barrier (e.g., the skin, gut, or lungs). [REAP, 1995: Residential Exposure Assessment Project]; (c) 1. The penetration of one substance into or through another. 2. Specifically, the penetration of a substance into the body from the skin, lungs, or digestive tract. [SRA, 1999: Glossary of Risk Analysis Terms, attributed to Stephen L. Brown][USDOE, 2000: RAIS Glossary]; (d) The taking in of water and dissolved minerals and nutrients across cell membranes. Contrast with ingestion. [UCMP, 1998: Glossary of Ecological Terms]; (e) A mode of entry of a toxic substance into the body in which the substance enters through the unbroken skin. [University of Kentucky, 1999: Glossary of Safety Terms]; (f) The process by which a substance is transported across the skin permeability surface barrier and taken up into the living tissue of the body; generally synonymous with percutaneous absorption and with dermal uptake. [USEPA, 1992a: Dermal Exposure Assessment]; (g) The uptake of water , other fluids, or dissolved chemicals by a cell or an organism (as tree roots absorb dissolved nutrients in soil). [USEPA, 1997a: EPA Terms of Environment]
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