Gravity Wave 3
Gravity Wave 3 :
Normal modes in a surface layer with very low shear-wave velocity, such as unconsolidated sediments, may be affected significantly by gravity at long periods like by a tsunami in the ocean. Waves similar to the gravity waves in a fluid layer are possible in addition to the shortening of wavelength of normal modes by gravity. So-called visible waves with large amplitude and relatively long periods observed in the epicentral area of a great earthquake have been suggested to be gravity waves. See: Satake (2002, p. 442-443) and Ben-Menahem and Singh (1981, p. 776-796)
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