Ammoxidation 1
Ammoxidation 1 : The catalytic oxidation of a mixture of an aliphatic hydrocarbon and ammonia to give an alkyl cyanide: 2RCH3 + 2NH3 + 3O2 + 2RCN + 6H2O. This was a development of the Andrussov process by which methane yields hydrogen cyanide. In one important version, propylene and ammonia yield acrylonitrile: 2CH2+CH+CH3 + 2NH3 + 2CH2+CH+CN + 6H2O 3O2 ? Invented and developed independently in the late 1950s by D.G. Stewart in the Distillers Company, and R. Grasselli in Standard Oil of Ohio. The former used a tin/antimony oxide catalyst; the latter bismuth phosphomolybdate on silica. Today, a proprietary catalyst containing depleted uranium is used. See also: Erd?lchemie, OSW, Sohio. Another variation is the catalytic oxidation of toluene with ammonia to produce benzonitrile. (Check source for accuracy of chemical formula)
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