Leishmaniasis (ËŚliːʃməˈnaÉŞÉ™sÉŞs|) or leishmaniosis (liË ĘƒËŚmeÉŞnɪˈəʊsÉŞs| or liːʃˌmænɪˈəʊsÉŞs|) is a disease caused by protozoan parasites of the genus Leishmania and transmitted by the bite of certain species of the sand fly (subfamily Phlebotominae). Although most of the literature mentions only one genus transmitting Leishmania to humans (Lutzomyia) in the US, a 2003 study by Galati suggested a new classification for American sand flies, elevating several subgenera to the genus level. Elsewhere in the world, the genus Phlebotomus is considered the vector of leishmaniasis. Most forms of the disease are transmissible only from non-human animals (zoonosis), but some can be spread between humans. Human infection is caused by about 21 of 30 species that infect mammals. the different species are morphologically indistinguishable, but they can be differentiated by isoenzyme analysis, DNA sequence analysis, or monoclonal antibodies. Cutaneous leishmaniasis is the most common form of leishmaniasis. Visceral leishmaniasis is a severe form in which the parasites migrate to the vital organs. An OSH glossary used in safety and health at work which is, adopted by ILO {102}. The term definition has been obtained from the secondary source