"It is the policy of the United States to have a civil defense capability as an element of our overall national security posture. Principles, Concepts, and Objectives "The civil defense program will continue to support all-hazard integrated emergency management at State and local levels, to the extent that this is consistent with and contributes to preparedness of the Nation in the event of an attack, whether by nuclear or non-nuclear means.... "The program will emphasize development of a civil defense infrastructure capable of rapid expansion in a national security emergency. The objective of the...program will include: (1) Population protection capabilities with the Federal Government providing guidance and assistance to enable State and Local governments to develop the requisite plans, systems, and capabilities. (2) State and local government crisis management capabilities to effectively support the population in national security emergencies. (3) Information to promote a clear understanding by the public of threats, including nuclear attack, which may affect their localities, and on actions they should take to increase their chances of survival. (4) Information to assist U.S. business and industry in taking measures to protect their work forces and physical assets in national security emergencies". (White House, NSDD 259, February 4, 1987, p. 1 of 3) Implementation The Federal Civil Defense Act of 1950, as amended (50 U.S.C. App. 2251 et seq,) provides that responsibility for civil defense is vested jointly in the Federal Government and the States and their political subdivisions. Accordingly, the U.S. Civil Defense program will be based on the following: (1) The Federal Government will focus on guidance to the public and to State and local governments to improve preparedness for national security emergencies. Financial assistance will be provided in cooperation with State and local governments. (2) The States have the primary responsibility for developing their capabilities for peacetime emergencies and share responsibility for attack preparedness. They should support development of civil defense plans, systems, and capabilities for themselves and their political subdivisions. States will assure that where Federal civil defense funds and assistance are applied to natural and technological disaster preparedness, such use is consistent with, contributes to, and does not detract from attack preparednes". (White House, NSDD 259, February 4, 1987, p. 3 of 3).