Aqueous Discharges
Aqueous Discharges : Water from oil and gas production streams (produced water) is the most significant liquid discharge associated with E&P operations. For every tonne of hydrocarbon (including oil, condensates and gas) produced, 0.5 tonne of produced water was discharged and 0.9 tonne of produced water was re-injected. The quality of produced water discharges is measured in terms of oil content. In 2009, the average concentration of oil in produced water was 12 mg/l for onshore discharges and 14 mg/l for offshore discharges. When expressed in terms of oil production, overall, these discharges are equivalent to 7 tonnes of oil for every million tonnes of hydrocarbon produced. Comparison with 2008 data indicates that the average concentration of oil in produced water discharged decreased in 2009 by 9%. The average quantity of oil discharged per unit of hydrocarbon production decreased by 12%
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