Open Hearth


Open Hearth : Also called the Siemens process, and the pig and scrap process. A steelmaking process in which a mixture of pig iron, iron ore, scrap iron, and limestone was heated in a special reverberatory furnace using regenerative heating. It differed from the earlier Siemens-Martin process in that additional iron ore was added to the slag. The regenerative principle was invented by Frederic Siemens (who changed his name to Charles William Siemens) in England in 1856 and applied to steelmaking by him and E. Martin and P
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